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For the first time, also in veterinary medicine, a text that applies the Point-of-Care ultrasound approach (PoCUS) and which uses the understanding of the ultrasound sign within a dynamic context, that of the most common clinical syndromes in emergency and intensive care, is available.
Grafting materials must be safe, biocompatible and able to guarantee lasting results. Among the fundamental features of the ideal material is the ability to promote bone regeneration. The autologous tooth is a very promising candidate because it allows osteoinduction and its maintenance after the treatment. After examining the current scientific evidence and studies carried out at the Politecnico di Milano (Milan, Italy), The tooth as a graft provides an overview of all the aspects of bone regeneration and the various devices available on the market are presented and compared, their use explained step-by-step, from cleaning the tooth to the grinding, to the treatment of the material before grafting.
Nephropathology is a unique specialization in anatomic pathology, and a complete set of analyses comprising LM, IF, and TEM should always be considered. When performing a renal biopsy, few criteria should be encountered. First, the biopsy should be considered a procedure to improve therapy, and the biopsy should be done safely. An expert and specialized neuropathologist should evaluate the tissue sample to get the most informative description using all the methods required to characterize the pathological changes. The required methods for renal biopsy evaluation include special staining protocols for light microscopic (LM) evaluation, as well as for transmission electron microscopic (TEM) and immunofluorescence evaluations (IF).
