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Fresh, direct, and phase-contrast microscopy is an easy-to-perform, replicable, and economical diagnostic technique included in the guidelines of the Centers of Disease Control of Atlanta in 2015
Appropriate management of dogs with lymphoma begins with a well-timed and accurate diagnosis, taking into account both tumor and patient characteristics.
Pretreatment clinical staging accomplishes several important goals: it determines the anatomic extent of lymphoma, allows an accurate prognosis to be given to the owners, and helps direct therapy. The knowledge of lymphoma extension makes it possible to accurately restage dogs at the end of therapy to document the response type. Finally, standardized methods for staging are essential to critically assess and compare different therapeutic strategies, as incomplete staging work up impedes the comparison of study results.
What is the material of the artifact? What are the characteristics of the substrates? Is it possible to adequately isolate the tooth? It is fundamental to answer these questions when performing the assessment before beginning the final and decisive phase of prosthetic restoration: cementation. Cementation is a complex procedure that requires good skills, and its outcome depends on the knowledge of the substrates involved and the choice of the most suitable cement for the specific situation. The materials and techniques used for cementation are described in this text, which is specifically dedicated to prosthetists and to those who practice conservative dentistry. This manual examines each substrate and defines the cementation protocols for all cases in daily practice.
The main aim of this atlas is to help veterinary surgeons convey and explain to owners any information they deem necessary for the basic care of their new puppies and kittens. The guide’s most notable feature is its highly attractive presentation which sets out the content in a clear, concise manner.
