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Diode Laser Manual in Dentistry and Stomatology
(Tax incl.)
The diode laser is a versatile and effective solution for oral tissue care. The book responds to the needs of those clinicians who seek specific and updated training on the use of the diode laser. An extensive set of images describes clinical applications in detail, offering professionals a comprehensive learning tool and a useful resource in daily practice. It is also possible to access videos on specific topics covered in the text from a smartphone or tablet via the QR codes printed inside this book.
The diode laser is a versatile and effective solution for oral tissue care. The book responds to the needs of those clinicians who seek specific and updated training on the use of the diode laser. An extensive set of images describes clinical applications in detail, offering professionals a comprehensive learning tool and a useful resource in daily practice. It is also possible to access videos on specific topics covered in the text from a smartphone or tablet via the QR codes printed inside this book.
The diode laser is a versatile and effective solution for oral tissue care. The advantages are manifold such as: faster healing, reduced risk of infection, and postoperative complications. In addition, sessions are not stressful for patients due to their mini-invasiveness with reduced intraoperative and postoperative pain perception. Thanks to these benefits, the use of the diode laser is spreading and opens up new treatment possibilities in various areas of dentistry: from endodontics to periodontology; from oral surgery to aesthetic treatments such as teeth whitening. The book responds to the needs of those clinicians who seek specific and updated training on the use of the diode laser. An extensive set of images describes clinical applications in detail, offering professionals a comprehensive learning tool and a useful resource in daily practice. It is also possible to access videos on specific topics covered in the text from a smartphone or tablet via the QR codes printed inside this book.
Authors:
Emanuele Ruga. Dentist, Oral Surgery Specialist, Moncalieri (To)
Marco Garrone. Dentist, Specialist in Odontostomatological Surgery
Turin Raffaele Michele Calvi. Dentist
Turin Roberto Riversa. Dentist, Vimodrone (MI)
Key Features:
➜ Dr. Ruga is the cultural-scientific manager of AIOLA (International Association of Laser-assisted Dentistry).
➜ The book responds to the needs of those clinicians who seek specific and updated training on the use of the diode laser.
➜ Videos accessible via QR codes.
Table of contents:
Chapter 1
Overview of diode laser physics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
L. Zamprotta, E. Trevisiol
Laser physics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Laser beam characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Chapter 2
Diode laser overview: how it is done and how to manage it . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
E. Ruga
Main unit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Connection between main unit and means of transport-conduction . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Power supply system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Pedal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Means of transport/conduction of the laser beam . . . . . . . . . . 11
Optical fibers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Handpieces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
CONTACT handpiece . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Handpiece with interchangeable inserts (MULTITIP silver) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Biostimulation handpiece . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Flat wave handpiece . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Intraoral biostimulation terminal for MULTITIP handpiece . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Bell-shaped biostimulation terminal for MULTITIP handpiece . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Whitening arch for MULTITIP handpiece . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Focused handpiece for sapphire inserts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Telescopic zoom terminal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Connections between handpiece and inserts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Inserts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Cable inserts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Interchangeable fiber optic inserts (MULTITIP) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Sapphire inserts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Chapter 3
Laser safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
E. Trevisiol, L. Zamprotta, M. Signorini
Risk assessment . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Labeling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Classification of lasers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Risk assessment for sensitive individuals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Risks of exposure to laser radiation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Distances for prevention . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
Prevention strategy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
Prevention measures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Quality test on laser equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Safety checks on laser equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Main types of accidents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Radiation protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Health surveillance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
Training and information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
Microscopy, magnification systems and LASERS . . . . . . . . . . 37
Suggestions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
Magnifying loupes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
Chapter 4
Overview of laser history and introduction to current dental applications . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
R. Riversa, M. Garrone, E. Trevisiol, V. Partipilo, M. Maggioni, E. Ruga
Introduction to dental laser applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
Management, preparation, activation of optical fiber of diode laser .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
Optical fiber management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
Pre-use steps of the diode laser in the dental field . . . . . . . . . 52
Chapter 5
Photobiomodulation: actuality and future perspectives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
M. Garrone, L. Barreiro, E. Ruga
Low Level Laser Therapy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
History of the LLLT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
Advantages of the LLLT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
Mechanism of action . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
Effects on tissue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
Irradiation parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
Applications in dental procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
Surgery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
Bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
Orthodontics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
Periodontology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
Aggressive periodontitis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
Gingivitis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
Peri-implantitis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
Dental reimplantation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
Management of temporomandibular joint disorders . . . . . . . 60
Muscle alterations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
Dentin hypersensitivity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
Endodontics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
Oral medicine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
Radio-induced mucositis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
Nerve repair . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
Chronic idiopathic orofacial pain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
Chapter 6
Dental whitening . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
R.M. Calvi, H.S. Marjara, E. Ruga
Clinical procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
Laser-assisted teeth whitening . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
Internal and external whitening in case of non-vital teeth . . . . . . . . . . 76
Gingival whitening . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
Description of the operative technique . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
Chapter 7
Diode laser in periodontology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
E. Amerio, A. Etemadi, E. Ruga
Periodontitis: case definitions and phases of treatment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
Phases of treatment of periodontitis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
Definition of periodontal stability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
Role of diode laser in the treatment of periodontitis . . . . . . . 82
PHASE 2: Causal related therapy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
PHASE 3: Treatment of the residual pockets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
PHASE 4: Supportive periodontal care . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
Concluding remarks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
Clinical protocols and laser setting in periodontal treatment . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
Periodontal plastic surgery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
Chapter 8
Diode laser in implant dentistry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
E. Amerio, R.M. Calvi, M. Garrone, A. Etemadi, E. Ruga
Laser-assisted peri-implant soft-tissue management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 98
Implant uncovering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98
Surgical technique . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98
Laser assisted therapy of peri-implantitis
E. Amerio, E. Ruga
Peri-implantitis definition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106
Peri-implantitis risk factors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
Introduction to treatment of peri-implantitis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
Role of diode laser in the treatment of peri-implantitis . . . . . . 108
Safety and antimicrobial effect . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108
Photobiomodulation effect . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
Photosensibilization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
Clinical studies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
Concluding remarks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110
Clinical protocol according to the authors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110
Chapter 9
Diode laser in restorative dentistry . . . . . . . . . . 119
E. Ruga, M. Garrone, R.M. Calvi, M. Amoroso, M. Pelliccia
Gingivectomy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
Gingivoplasty and clinical crown lengthening . . . . . . . . . . 120
E. Ruga, M. Garrone, R.M. Calvi
Laser-assisted clinical crown lengthening . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120
Dental dam punching with diode laser . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
E. Ruga, M. Garrone, R.M. Calvi
Hard tissue decontamination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125
E. Ruga, M. Garrone, R.M. Calvi
Pretreatment of adhesive systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125
E. Ruga, M. Garrone, R.M. Calvi
Use of the diode laser in the clinical protocol of dentin desensitization . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126
M. Amoroso, M. Pelliccia, E. Ruga
Dentin hypersensitivity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126
Laser-assisted desensitization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126
Recent clinical studies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127
Data sheet
- Author
- Emmanuele Ruga
Marco Garrone
Raffaele Michele Calvi
Roberto Riversa - Page count
- 264
- Trim size
- 22 x 28 cm
- Pub date
- 07/12/2021
Specific References